The Goldman Sachs Bull/Bear Market Risk Indicator is a market barometer tracking the following metrics:
Stock valuations, growth momentum, unemployment, inflation and the yield curve (the spread between short-term and long-term interest rates).
No single metric throws off sufficient light to read by.
But string them all together, says Goldman’s Peter Oppenheimer… and you’re on to something:
All of these variables are related. Tight labor markets are typically associated with higher inflation expectations. These, in turn, tend to tighten policy and weaken expectations of future growth. High valuations, at the same time, leave equities vulnerable to de-rating if growth expectations deteriorate or the discount rate rises, or, worse still, both of these occur together.
This indicator has mirrored closely the S&P’s forward performance since 1955.
The higher the reading, the greater the risk.
And now… Goldman’s number crunchers claim their indicator is “flashing red.”
It gives 75% odds of an impending bear market.
Not since 1969 has it recorded such heightened levels — and such heightened risk.
In fact, lower readings preceded the 2000 and 2008 bear markets:
But returning to the all-important question:
What next?
Goldman concedes two possibilities…
Possibility one: A “cathartic” bear market (English translation: a devastating collapse that cleans everyone out)…
Possibility two: A “long period of relatively low returns across financial assets.”
That is, not a crash, but a dismal slump — not a squalling rain, but an endless drizzle.
Which is more likely?
We anticipate a “melt-up”… followed by a meltdown perhaps next year or the year following.
A crash, that is.
But the Goldman men incline toward the drizzly forecast.
Stock market valuations hover at or near record highs, they grant.
But inflation is just now finding its legs.
And they believe “structural factors” such as globalization’s disinflationary bias may keep it caged.
A lower inflation means the Federal Reserve will not be forced to raise interest rates nearly so hastily.
That, in turn, means the market is less vulnerable to a rate shock.
Hence, Goldman’s gradualistic outlook.
You may prefer a slow motion bear market to the “cathartic” sort that comes by way of a single knockout blow.
But catharsis has its points…
Once done, the business of recovery can proceed immediately — as a village can build anew after the hurricane knocks it flat.
The “long period of relatively low returns” is rather a long gray twilight, a death by inches, an extended and demoralizing siege.
Goldman projects this protracted bear market could last five years… until 2023.
Why so long?
Two reasons…
